# Workflows Crash Course Source: https://helpdocs.gavel.io/docs/gavel-101/workflow-video-series ## About this lesson This video gives a quick overview of Gavel workflows and document automation. ``` Adjust the `width` and `height` values to fit your layout. To have the workflow fill the entire browser window, use this full-page snippet: ```html theme={null} ``` For responsive resizing on WordPress, use the following snippet (requires a Business Plan subscription on WordPress.com): ```html theme={null} ``` Use this snippet for Squarespace — it handles both height and width responsiveness: ```html theme={null} ``` In the Squarespace editor, click **+ ADD BLOCK**, choose **Embed** or **Code**, click the pencil icon, and paste the snippet. Safari on iOS blocks embedded content from cross-site origins by default (the "Prevent Cross-Site Tracking" setting). Users can disable that setting manually, or you can set up a custom subdomain — once your workflow runs on the same domain as the embedding page, Safari restrictions no longer apply. *** ## Password protecting a workflow Gavel doesn't have a single password field in Settings, but you can build a lightweight gate using a Kickout Page. Add a **Text Question** to your workflow and label it something like "Enter password." This is where users will type the passcode. Add a **Kickout Page** question immediately after. This page will appear when the password is wrong. In the **Page Logic** for the Kickout Page, set the rule to **Hide If** the password matches the correct value. For example, if your password is `LegalAccess2024`, set the Kickout Page to *Hide If password is LegalAccess2024*. Run the workflow and verify that entering the wrong password displays the Kickout Page, while entering the correct password hides it and allows the user to continue. *** ## Setting up a custom domain By default your Gavel account lives at `yourname.gavel.io`. Accounts on the **Pro** and **Scale** plans can map a custom subdomain — for example, `documents.yourfirm.com` — so that the Gavel name never appears in your URLs. Gavel workflows must reside on their own subdomain. If your main site is at `www.yourfirm.com`, your workflows must be at a different subdomain such as `docs.yourfirm.com` — not at `www.yourfirm.com` itself. When you created your Gavel account you were assigned a `.gavel.io` subdomain — for example, `yourfirm.gavel.io`. This is your ANAME record. Decide on the subdomain you want to use, for example `docs.yourfirm.com`. Log in to your DNS provider (Cloudflare, GoDaddy, Name.com, etc.) and create a CNAME record: | Field | Value | | ------ | ------------------- | | Type | CNAME | | Host | `docs.yourfirm.com` | | Answer | `yourfirm.gavel.io` | | TTL | 300 | Some providers (like GoDaddy) only want the subdomain portion for the Host field — `docs` rather than the full `docs.yourfirm.com`. Email [help@gavel.io](mailto:help@gavel.io) with your custom subdomain URL. Allow up to 24 hours (usually less than one hour) for DNS propagation. On the **Scale** plan you can also send Gavel's automated emails from your own domain via Mailgun. Email [help@gavel.io](mailto:help@gavel.io) with your Mailgun email address, API key, and domain to get that configured. *** ## White-labeling and branding Gavel gives you several options to make the platform look like your own product rather than a third-party tool. Under the **Standard**, **Pro**, and **Scale** plans, you can display your own logo in the top-left corner of every workflow. Go to **System Settings** in your Dashboard and upload an image — ideally 200 × 26 pixels. From the same **System Settings** page you can also upload a custom favicon that appears in the browser tab for all of your Gavel workflows. If you want clients to land on a branded page that lists all the workflows available to them, you can set up an [Internal Portal](https://helpdocs.gavel.io/workflows/client-portals#internal-portals-—-a-public-page-of-workflows) and email [help@gavel.io](mailto:help@gavel.io) and we can set that to be the landing page. Your Gavel subdomain (e.g., `yourfirm.gavel.io`) cannot be changed after account creation. However, setting up a custom domain as described above achieves the same result — your workflows will appear under your own domain with no mention of Gavel in the URL. *** ## Add custom styles with CSS Changing styles with custom CSS is available on **Pro** and **Scale** accounts. If you're on one of these plans, you can match the look and feel of your own website by adding your own CSS to change the styles, colors, fonts, and button styles in your workflow. ### Pre-built custom styles You can use any of the design themes [listed on Bootswatch](https://bootswatch.com/), or choose from a set of styles Gavel has already built for you: | Style | Link | Notes | | -------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Gavel Classic Look | [documatecss\_classic.css](https://documate-styles.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/documatecss_classic.css) | | | Clean CSS Favorite | [cleancss.css](https://documate-styles.s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/cleancss.css) | | | Black and White | [blackwhite.css](https://documate-styles.s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/blackwhite.css) | | | Dark Mode | [darkmode.css](https://documate-styles.s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/darkmode.css) | | | Two Columns | [twocolumns.css](https://documate-styles.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/twocolumns.css) | | | No Header | [noheader.css](https://documate-styles.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/noheader.css) | Good for embedding if you don't want the top logo/banner showing | | No Login | [nologin.css](https://documate-styles.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/nologin.css) | Good if you don't want to allow users to log in from the top right, but still want to show the logo | | No Login (Dark Mode) | [dark\_no\_login\_documatecss.css](https://documate-styles.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/dark_no_login_documatecss.css) | | | No Email | [NoEmail.css](https://documate-styles.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/NoEmail.css) | Good if you want users to download documents on the final screen but not email them | | Right to Left | [RightToLeft.css](https://documate-styles.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/RightToLeft.css) | Good for languages read right to left, like Arabic and Hebrew | ### Build your own style Gavel Expert [Ash Singh](https://www.gavel.io/developers/ash-singh) created a [Gavel Custom CSS Generator](https://www.gavelcustomcssgenerator.com/), where you can change colors and certain formats using his tool. It's easy to use for a nominal fee, and this third-party site will help you create your own custom CSS to add to your Gavel workflows. The Gavel Custom CSS Generator is an unofficial, third-party project offered by Ash Singh and is not affiliated with Gavel. ### Adding your custom CSS to a workflow Pick one of the pre-built styles above, use the Custom CSS Generator, or write your own stylesheet. Go to the **Settings** tab of the workflow you want to style. Paste the link to your CSS file into the custom styling field in Settings, then save. *** ## Customizing messages and emails Every on-screen message and automated email that Gavel sends to your users can be rewritten to match your firm's voice. You can include variable names in any message to personalize them dynamically. Navigate to the **Settings** tab of the workflow you want to customize. Click **Settings**, then **Customize Messages**. Toggle between **Questionnaire messages** (displayed on screen) and **Email messages** (sent automatically). Edit the text, add bold or italic formatting, or include multiple paragraphs. Use variable names — such as `${ clientname }` — to insert personalized values. To include a file upload in a confirmation email or on the final screen, use this syntax — replacing `Display Name` and `FileUploadVariable` with your own values: ```text theme={null} [Display Name](${ FileUploadVariable.url_for(external=True) }) ``` Add `Private=False` if the link should be accessible to users who are not signed in: ```text theme={null} [Display Name](${ FileUploadVariable.url_for(external=True, Private=False) }) ``` *** ## Embed Calendly into your workflow With Gavel, you can embed your Calendly appointments page directly into your Gavel questionnaire to make it easy for your clients to book a meeting with you. ### Embedding a Calendly page In your questionnaire, create a new **Instruction** question. In the instruction box, paste the following syntax: ```html theme={null} ``` Replace `CALENDLY LINK` in the syntax above with your own Calendly link. Click **Save**, then **Run** to see the Calendly link embedded in your workflow. Your Calendly is now embedded! You can also apply logic to your instruction box if you only want the Calendly page to show up in certain circumstances. # Troubleshooting Source: https://helpdocs.gavel.io/workflows/troubleshooting Help with signing in, managing your account, and resolving common errors. ## Logging In * Have you done a hard refresh like [this](#hard-refresh)? * Make sure you're logging in at **\[yoursubdomain].gavel.io**. Bookmark that page for the future. * Have you [cleared your browser cache](https://support.google.com/google-ads/answer/32050?hl=en-AU\&co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop)? * What device are you on? We recommend using Gavel on your desktop, with Chrome, for the best experience. * Have you done a password reset? **Make sure you're using the exact same email as the one associated with your account.** This is your subdomain. So, if your Gavel site is at [mylawfirm.gavel.io](https://mylawfirm.gavel.io), your clientname would be `mylawfirm`. *** ## Account Management Admins can make billing adjustments from the billing portal in their dashboard by going to **Settings > Billing**. For anything else, email [help@gavel.io](mailto:help@gavel.io). Is your colleague set as a Builder or an end user? Go to **Users** and check whether they're set as the correct type of user. Gavel Builders are siloed by design — all Builders do **not** see the same Dashboard. If you'd like your colleagues to use workflows you've created, you need to [send a copy to their Builder seat](https://help.gavel.io/articles/builder-collaboration) or [assign the workflow to them](https://help.gavel.io/articles/assigning-workflows). See [User Management](https://help.gavel.io/articles/user-management) for more info. If you want to keep all the data in your Data Manager, there's no way to create a new subdomain for your existing account. However, if you're on the Pro plan, you can set up a [custom domain](https://help.gavel.io/articles/custom-domain) to replace the original subdomain URL with something else (e.g., [documents.mynewlawfirm.com](https://documents.mynewlawfirm.com) instead of [oldfirm.gavel.io](https://oldfirm.gavel.io)). *** ## Troubleshooting Please send [help@gavel.io](mailto:help@gavel.io) the URL of the page you're on and a PDF or screenshot of the full error message. Don't worry, it's fixable! You can also paste the text of the error message into the "Ask Assistant" feature (at the top of this page) for help troubleshooting. If you're in Data Manager and see "No sessions" but know this workflow has sessions, it likely means there's an error in your workflow. Click **Run** on your workflow and start filling out a test run to trigger the error. If you need help resolving it, paste the full error message into the "Ask Assistant" feature (at the top of this page) for troubleshooting advice, or email [help@gavel.io](mailto:help@gavel.io) with a PDF or screenshot of the error and the URL of the page you're seeing it on. This means you're trying to load many or a few large documents and the site timed out in the process. You should be able to come back in a bit and refresh the page to see the document. Reach out to [help@gavel.io](mailto:help@gavel.io) if this is happening frequently so we can make an adjustment for you. Try opening the document in another PDF reading tool. Reach out to [help@gavel.io](mailto:help@gavel.io) if you continue to see this issue. A hard refresh forces your browser to load the latest version of a page by clearing its cached files. Note that clicking the refresh arrow in your address bar is **not** a hard refresh. | Platform | Shortcut | | ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | | Windows (Chrome, Firefox, Edge) | `Ctrl + F5` | | Mac (Chrome, Firefox) | `Cmd + Shift + R` | | Safari (Mac) | `Opt + Cmd + E` to clear cache, then `Cmd + R` to refresh | # User Management Source: https://helpdocs.gavel.io/workflows/user-management Learn the four Gavel user roles — Admin, Builder, Organizational User, and User — and how to invite and manage team members from the Users page. Gavel organizes everyone who accesses your account into one of four roles: **Admin**, **Builder**, **Organizational User**, and **User**. Each role defines what a person can see, build, and do. Choosing the right role for each person keeps your client data secure, your workflow library tidy, and your billing under control. One important principle to keep in mind: **Organizational Users and Users have no access to any workflow by default**. Access must be explicitly granted by an Admin or Builder — either by assigning a workflow directly or by assigning a bundle. *** ## Role overview **Who it's for:** The person responsible for the Gavel account — typically a firm administrator, managing partner, or operations lead. The Admin has comprehensive control over every aspect of the account. This role is best held by whoever manages billing and is responsible for onboarding and offboarding team members. **Key capabilities:** * Manage billing and account subscription details * View and manipulate all client data across the entire platform * Change any user's role and contact information * Invite and deactivate users * Perform every action available to a Builder — create, edit, share, and assign workflows and bundles **Things to know:** * It is recommended that an account has only one Admin seat, since the Admin controls the billing portal and payment for Gavel services. * An Admin can still build and test workflows just like a Builder. * To cancel your Gavel account, the Admin should follow the account cancellation process. **Who it's for:** Attorneys, paralegals, or consultants who create and manage document automation workflows. Builders are the practitioners who design questionnaires, upload document templates, configure logic, and share completed workflows with clients or colleagues. They can see and work with the client data that flows through their own workflows. **Key capabilities:** * Create and edit workflows, questionnaires, and document templates * Share workflows with clients via link or direct assignment * Assign workflows to specific users and revoke that access * Collaborate with other Admins and Builders by sharing a workflow — sending a copy for a colleague to edit, run, or share (see [Builder Collaboration](#builder-collaboration) below) * Access and manipulate client data associated with their workflows **Things to know:** * A Builder cannot manage billing or change other users' roles — that requires the Admin. * If you are working with an outside consultant or Gavel Expert to build your workflows, you can add them as a Builder. Many experts prefer to build on their own Gavel account and transfer workflows to yours when ready — discuss this approach with your consultant. **Who it's for:** Power users who need to run workflows repeatedly — such as a paralegal at a partner firm, a high-volume client, or a B2B customer who licenses access to your automation. An Organizational User can answer assigned workflows and reuse the data they enter across multiple sessions. Unlike the end-user **User** role, an Organizational User can run the same workflow again with new data each time. **Key capabilities:** * Complete workflows assigned to them by an Admin or Builder * Generate documents by answering the questions in those workflows * Access and edit their submitted data in Data Manager to make corrections or generate updated documents **Things to know:** * Organizational Users cannot create or edit workflows. * They only see workflows that have been explicitly assigned to them. * This role does not require the person to be inside your firm. Many Gavel accounts use this role for B2B purposes — selling access to a workflow package to another law firm or business. **Who it's for:** Individual clients who need to answer a questionnaire once and receive their documents. The User role is the lightest-weight role, designed for one-time or infrequent use. Users interact only with their client portal and only see what you have assigned to them. **Key capabilities:** * Access and respond to assigned workflows in their client portal * Have their answers saved automatically (data persistence) **Data persistence:** If a User has previously entered a value for a variable — for example, their name as `clientname` — every other workflow that uses the `clientname` variable will automatically populate with the same value. Users never need to re-enter the same information. **Things to know:** * A User cannot run the same workflow again with new data. Their session is saved and persists. * Users only see workflows and data that you have assigned to them — nothing else is visible. * You can have **unlimited** Users on your account. *** ## Role comparison at a glance | Capability | Admin | Builder | Org. User | User | | -------------------------------- | :---: | :-----: | :-------: | :--: | | Manage billing | ✓ | | | | | Manage user roles | ✓ | | | | | Create & edit workflows | ✓ | ✓ | | | | Assign workflows to others | ✓ | ✓ | | | | Access all client data | ✓ | | | | | Access own assigned data | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | Run assigned workflows | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | Re-run workflows with new data | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | Data persistence across sessions | | | | ✓ | | Unlimited seats | | | | ✓ | *** ## Builder Collaboration Admin and Builder users can collaborate with each other by sharing a workflow. Sharing sends the selected user a copy of the workflow and its documents, which they can edit, run, and share on their own account. Only Admins and Builders can send and receive workflow copies this way — Organizational Users and Users don't have this capability. ### Best practices for Builder Collaboration Decide which Admin or Builder account will hold the official, most up-to-date version of each workflow. This is the account you'll pull links from to send to users and where you'll track responses in Data Manager. Use **Send Copy to Builder** to let a colleague make edits. Select the recipient(s) and click **Send a Copy**. Once the colleague finishes editing, they use **Send Copy to Builder** to send the updated workflow back to the original Builder. The colleague keeps their own version of the edited workflow too. Back on the original account, the Builder chooses how to bring in the update: * **Overwrite** — replaces the prior version and keeps all existing links pointing to that workflow. * **Add as a new file** — brings the edit in as a separate copy, useful for reviewing changes before committing. Once reviewed, rename it to match the original to overwrite the prior version. *** ## Inviting and managing users All user management is handled from the **Users** page, accessible from the main navigation. Only Admins can invite new users or change existing users' roles. Click **Users** in the left-hand navigation of your Dashboard. Click **Invite User** (or the equivalent button on your plan). Enter the person's email address and select their role — Admin, Builder, Organizational User, or User. Gavel sends them an invitation email with a link to set up their account. Find the user in the list. Click their row or the edit icon to change their name, email address, or role. Role changes take effect immediately. To remove someone's access, deactivate their account from the Users page. Their historical data is retained, but they can no longer sign in. When a client follows a login-required workflow link and creates their own account, they are automatically added to your Users page with the **User** role. You don't need to manually invite them first. *** ## Where each role lands after sign-in Taken to the full **Dashboard** with access to workflows, bundles, data, and settings. Taken to their **portal** (`yoursubdomain.gavel.io/portal`) where they see their assigned workflows and bundles. Taken to their **client portal** where they see only the workflows assigned to them and their saved responses. Prompted to create an account, then directed to the specific workflow they clicked — or to their portal if accessing a login-required page directly. # What can you automate with Gavel workflows? Source: https://helpdocs.gavel.io/workflows/what-can-you-build Explore the full range of use cases for Gavel document automation: internal drafting, client intake, client portals, decision trees, and paid workflows. Gavel is designed to serve legal professionals across a wide range of practice settings and workflow types. Whether you want to speed up internal drafting, build a self-service tool for clients, or create a revenue-generating legal product, the same core platform supports all of it. The difference lies in how you configure access and what you connect as output. The sections below describe the main categories of workflows you can build, with examples drawn from common legal practice areas. *** ## Use cases Use Gavel within your organization to generate documents more efficiently. You and your colleagues complete the questionnaire, and Gavel produces a polished document instantly. This works especially well for high-volume, repetitive document types — demand letters, engagement letters, closing checklists, or standard contracts — where the facts change but the structure stays the same. **Examples:** NDA generator for your deal team, employment offer letter tool, standard lease generator for a property management practice. Set up a workflow where a client fills out the questionnaire to provide their information, and you generate the documents in-house after reviewing the data. The client never sees the final document unless you share it with them — they just answer questions, and the information flows into your document automatically. **Examples:** Estate planning intake, personal injury intake, immigration questionnaire, corporate formation intake. Publish workflows publicly or behind a login so clients can access and complete them directly, receiving generated documents on the output page without your involvement. This is the basis of a self-service legal portal. **Examples:** Simple will generator, tenant's rights letter tool, small claims demand letter, business formation wizard. Build logic-driven workflows that guide users through a decision tree rather than (or in addition to) producing documents. Use conditional logic and **Kickout Pages** to route users to different outcomes based on their answers — for example, telling an ineligible applicant they do not qualify, or directing a user to one of several document paths based on their situation. **Examples:** Benefit eligibility screener, jurisdiction selector, legal needs triage tool, intake qualification filter. Integrate Stripe into a workflow (or group of workflows) to collect payment before documents are generated. This lets you monetize automated documents as standalone products or as part of a subscription-based client portal. **Examples:** Paid will package, pay-per-document contract generator, subscription-based lease drafting tool. *** ## Choosing the right approach The structure of a workflow is the same regardless of use case. What changes is who fills it out and how you configure access and output. Here is a quick guide to help you decide: | Goal | Configuration | | ------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Internal team use only | Restrict access to specific team members, or restrict based on email domain | | Gather client data, generate docs yourself | Multi-user workflow; client completes questionnaire, you generate docs | | Let clients self-serve | Publish publicly or via direct link; client receives output docs directly | | Decision tree | Use Kickout Pages and conditional logic; output docs optional | | Charge for document access | Add Stripe payment requirement at the start of questionnaire or before the output page | Start with a simple internal workflow to get comfortable with the process. Once you understand how questions map to document variables, you can quickly adapt the same workflow for client-facing use. Gavel provides the tools to create workflows, or questionnaires, that gather data you can use to automate documents and so much more! There are many ways to set up a workflow. You can set up workflows that are internal only, client-facing, or a combination of both. From there, you can use [Data Manager](/workflows/data-manager) to push answers from one workflow to another workflow. This will eliminate the need to reenter information and reuse client data across many workflows. Read on for tips on using Gavel to build your estate planning workflow and automate your documents. *** ## Examples and inspiration Gavel publishes case studies and real-world examples from legal professionals using the platform. * View **case studies** at [gavel.io/category/case-studies](https://www.gavel.io/category/case-studies) *** ## Ready to build? Follow the step-by-step guide to build and test your first workflow. See all available question types and when to use each one. # Submit a Feature Request for Gavel Workflows Source: https://helpdocs.gavel.io/workflows/wishlist Submit feature requests and suggestions to help shape the future of Gavel Workflows — the team reviews every idea and uses your feedback to guide development. Your feedback shapes what Gavel Workflows builds next. If there is a feature you wish existed, a workflow you want improved, or an idea that would make Gavel more useful for your practice, submit it on the wishlist. The Gavel Workflows team reviews every suggestion. Visit the Gavel Workflows Wishlist to share your ideas, vote on suggestions from other users, and track what the team is working on. ## Explore or get help Reach the Gavel Workflows team by email, phone, or scheduled call for immediate help. See what Gavel Workflows can do and learn how to get the most out of the platform. # Gavel Document Tagger Source: https://helpdocs.gavel.io/workflows/word-documents Upload your file to Gavel, install the Word add-in, tag variables in your .docx template, and troubleshoot common spacing and tag issues. Word documents are the most common template type in Gavel. You prepare a standard `.docx` file and upload the file to your workflow. Mark the places where questionnaire answers should appear using the Document Tagger Word add-in. When a user completes the questionnaire, Gavel replaces every tag with the corresponding answer and generates a finished document — either as a Word file, a PDF, or both. ## Upload your template to Gavel You can upload it to Gavel in three ways: * **Gavel Blueprint** — the AI-enabled workflow builder. Click **New Workflow > Start with documents**, upload your `.docx` file, and Blueprint automatically reads your document, identifies variables, and generates a draft questionnaire for your review. * **Document Templates tab of a workflow** — open any existing workflow, go to the **Document Templates** tab, and upload the file directly. * **Document Templates section of the dashboard** — upload templates centrally and attach them to workflows later. If you have already uploaded the template to a workflow, you can update it directly from the Word add-in: select the document name in the add-in's dropdown and click **Update Document**. This saves you from re-uploading manually. ## Install the Gavel Word add-in Gavel provides a no-code Word add-in called **Document Tagger** that lets you insert and manage all variable tags without writing syntax by hand. The add-in is available in the Microsoft Office Add-ins store. Open Microsoft Word and go to the Office Add-ins store. Search for **Gavel** or visit the store page directly. Once installed, click **Document Tagger** in the Word Ribbon to open the panel. In your Gavel account, go to **Settings > API Keys**. Enter a title for the key and click **Create a Key**. Copy the key immediately — Gavel does not display the same key twice for security reasons. Keep the key somewhere safe in case you need it again. API Key Image In the Document Tagger panel, enter your **Client Name** (your Gavel subdomain) and paste the API key you just copied. Click **Login**. Once logged in, choose the workflow you are building or editing from the dropdown. The add-in loads all the variables already defined in that workflow, so you can insert them by clicking rather than typing. You can upload your output document to the workflow's Document Templates tab before using the add-in. If you add new questions to your workflow later, click the refresh arrow in the add-in to pull in the updated variable list. ## What you can tag with the add-in The Document Tagger add-in covers the full range of tagging tasks without requiring you to write syntax manually. Insert any workflow variable and optionally apply formatting — uppercase, first-letter capitalised, or various date formats. The `{{ today() }}` function is also available for inserting the current date. Format number variables as currency, percentages, or custom numeric formats directly from the add-in panel. For formats not listed, you can use advanced syntax from the Code Curious section of the Learning Center. For multi-select question types, the add-in inserts only the selected values as a list. You can choose comma-separated, Oxford comma, semicolon, or a custom separator. Highlight any text in your document and set the conditions under which it should appear. **Show Phrase when** hides just the highlighted text. **Show Paragraph when** removes the entire paragraph and its line, and renumbers any surrounding numbered lists automatically. Build calculations using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division across number variables. For date calculations, you can find the time between two dates or add/subtract days, weeks, or years from a date variable or from today's date. Tag repeating item data in four formats: comma lists (single line), multi-line paragraphs, auto-generated Word tables, or generate-multiple (one document per repeating item instance). You can also create conditions based on the number of repeating item instances or the value of a specific attribute.